The most direct impact of India’s new Labour Codes is on workers’ wages, working hours, social security, and safety. These changes are designed to make work fairer and more secure for everyone.

Working Hours and Overtime

Under the new system, the standard working time remains 48 hours per week. If a worker is asked to work beyond this limit, the employer must pay overtime at twice the normal wage.

This rule helps prevent excessive working hours and ensures workers are properly compensated for extra work.

Minimum Wages for All

The Code on Wages makes it clear that minimum wages apply to all workers, regardless of the industry or type of job. No employer is allowed to pay below the government-notified minimum wage.

This is especially important for workers in informal and low-paid sectors.

Equal Pay and Job Security

The law reinforces equal pay for equal work, ensuring that men and women receive the same wages for similar roles.

Fixed-term employees—those hired for a specific period—are now entitled to the same wages and benefits as permanent employees. This includes eligibility for statutory benefits such as gratuity, where applicable.

Social Security for More Workers

For the first time, gig workers and platform workers (such as delivery partners and ride-hailing drivers) are officially recognised. They can access social security benefits, including:

1. Insurance coverage
2. Welfare schemes
3. Other government-supported benefits

Safer and More Inclusive Workplaces

The new laws set common standards for workplace safety, clean drinking water, rest facilities, and regulated leave. Women are also allowed to work night shifts, provided employers ensure proper safety measures and consent.

What This Means for Workers

Overall, the Labour Codes aim to give workers:

1. Fair pay
2. Reasonable working hours
3. Safer workplaces
4. Better long-term security

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How many hours can I work in a week under the new laws?

The standard working limit is 48 hours per week.

2. Will I get overtime pay if I work extra hours?

Yes. Overtime must be paid at twice your normal wage.

3. Does minimum wage apply to all jobs?

Yes. Minimum wages apply to all workers, regardless of industry or job type.

4. Are gig and platform workers covered under the new laws?

Yes. Gig and platform workers are now officially recognised and eligible for social security benefits.

5. Can women work night shifts under the new rules?

Yes, provided the employer ensures safety measures and the employee gives consent.