Indonesian labor law establishes clear guidelines regarding the maximum number of working hours each week, offering some flexibility in how these hours can be structured. These regulations are primarily outlined in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower (Manpower Law).

Standard Working Hours

The Manpower Law sets a standard workweek at 40 hours, which can be organized in one of two ways:

– Eight hours per day for five days (totaling 40 hours per week)

– Seven hours per day for six days (also totaling 40 hours per week)

While a 40-hour workweek is standard, exceptions exist:

– Reduced Working Hours: Companies may choose to implement workweeks shorter than 40 hours if the job's nature permits and if they offer flexible or remote work options. Any such agreements should be clearly documented in employment contracts or company policies.

Overtime Regulations

In Indonesia, employers can request employees to work overtime, but strict regulations govern this practice. Employers must follow specific procedures for authorizing overtime, including:

– Issuing a written order detailing the need for additional work hours.

– Obtaining written consent from employees to work overtime, which can be recorded either electronically or on paper.

There are limits on how much overtime an employee can undertake, including:

– A maximum of four hours of overtime per day

– A maximum of eighteen hours of overtime per week

These limits do not apply to overtime worked on designated rest days or public holidays.

When it comes to compensation for overtime, Indonesian law requires higher pay rates than regular wages. The rates depend on various factors, including whether the overtime occurs on a regular workday, during a weekly rest day, or on a public holiday. Generally, the first hour of overtime is compensated at 150% of the employee's regular hourly rate, while the second and third hours are compensated at 200%. Overtime on rest days and holidays can reach up to three or four times the regular rate.

Rest Periods and Breaks

To promote employee well-being and productivity, Indonesian labor law mandates specific rest periods and breaks as outlined in the Manpower Law:

– Daily Rest Period: Employees are entitled to at least a 30-minute break after every four consecutive hours of work. This break is not considered work time and allows employees to rest, eat, or attend to personal needs.

– Weekly Rest Days: Employees must receive mandatory weekly rest days to recover. The number of rest days varies based on the workweek structure:One day off for a six-day workweekTwo days off for a five-day workweek

This ensures that employees have sufficient time to recharge.

– Religious Observance Breaks: Recognizing the cultural importance of religious practices, employers must allow reasonable breaks for employees to observe their faith, such as prayer breaks for Muslim employees. The duration of these breaks should be mutually agreed upon, considering job requirements.

– Nursing Breaks for Mothers: The law supports nursing mothers by providing designated breaks for breastfeeding. Employers should facilitate a private space for these breaks, taking into account their financial resources. The specific arrangements for nursing breaks may be further detailed in company policies or collective bargaining agreements.

Night Shift and Weekend Work Regulations

Indonesian labor laws also address regulations regarding night shifts and weekend work to ensure fair treatment of employees. Night shift work may extend beyond standard working hours, in which case employees are entitled to overtime pay as specified in Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021, Articles 31 and 32. Although not explicitly required, employers must ensure a safe working environment for night shift employees, which includes adequate lighting and climate control.

While Indonesian law guarantees a minimum number of weekly rest days, it allows some flexibility regarding their scheduling. Employers may require weekend work as long as they provide alternative rest days during the week or offer appropriate compensation. If a scheduled rest day coincides with a public holiday, employers must provide a substitute rest day within the following month.

For specific details regarding weekend work expectations and compensation, employees should refer to their company policies or collective bargaining agreements.